How Is Chicken Collagen Extracted And Processed By Manufacturers?

As collagen continues to dominate the global nutraceutical and beauty markets, sourcing and manufacturing methods have become major differentiators for product developers. Among the most potent and versatile forms of collagen is that derived from chicken, particularly chicken sternum cartilage. Known for its richness in Type II collagen, chicken collagen is now a go-to ingredient for joint health, anti-aging formulas, and functional foods. But what exactly goes into its production?

This in-depth article takes you behind the scenes of a professional chicken collagen manufacturer, exploring every step from raw material sourcing to finished powder.

What Is Chicken Collagen and Why Manufacturers Prefer It

Types of Collagen Extracted from Chicken

While collagen can be derived from bovine, marine, or porcine sources, chicken collagen stands out for its naturally high content of:

• Type II collagen – Concentrated in cartilage, especially from the sternum; critical for joint and cartilage support.

• Type I collagen is found in chicken skin and bones, supporting skin structure and strength.

• Type III collagen – Usually co-extracted with Type I; contributes to blood vessel and organ integrity.

Chicken collagen manufacturers often tailor their extraction processes to isolate hydrolyzed collagen peptides or undenatured Type II collagen, depending on the intended application.

Unique Benefits of Chicken Collagen

Why is chicken collagen in such high demand? Because of its:

• High bioavailability – Enzymatically hydrolyzed chicken collagen has a low molecular weight, making it easier for the body to absorb.

• Proven joint support – Type II collagen promotes cartilage regeneration and reduces inflammation in osteoarthritis.

• Immunomodulatory effects – Some studies suggest undenatured Type II collagen may help regulate autoimmune responses.

• Skin and connective tissue health – Type I and III contribute to skin elasticity, hydration, and resilience.

Common Applications

Depending on the collagen type and its form, chicken-derived collagen is used in:

• Nutraceuticals – Capsules, sachets, or powder blends targeting joint, skin, or bone health

• Functional foods – Protein bars, collagen coffees, and ready-to-mix beverages

• Cosmeceuticals – Anti-aging serums and moisturizers

• Veterinary supplements – For joint and coat health in pets

Step 1 – Raw Material Selection

Source Materials Used by Chicken Collagen Manufacturers

High-quality collagen starts with selecting the right anatomical parts. Manufacturers typically use:

• Chicken sternum cartilage – Rich in Type II collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)

• Bones – Source of Type I collagen and calcium compounds

• Skin – Adds elasticity-promoting Type I and III collagen

These parts are obtained from USDA/FDA-compliant or equivalent poultry processors, often as byproducts of meat production to ensure sustainability.

Importance of Ethical and Clean Sourcing

Leading manufacturers partner only with farms that offer:

• Cage-free or organic poultry

• Documentation verifying the absence of hormones, antibiotics, and GMOs

• Transparent supply chains with animal welfare certifications

This reduces contamination risks and supports cleaner label claims in the final product.

Initial Quality Control Protocols

Upon arrival at the facility, raw materials undergo:

• Cold chain verification – Ensuring materials remained under 5°C during transit

• Microbial screening – Swab tests for Salmonella, E. coli, and aerobic plate count

• Batch intake registration – Full traceability from origin to processing line

Step 2 – Pre-Processing and Sanitization

Degreasing and Tissue Separation

To isolate collagen-rich tissues, manufacturers use steam-jacketed tanks and mechanical agitators to separate:

• Cartilage from fat

• Bones from soft tissues

• Skin from subcutaneous fat

This process improves extraction efficiency and reduces unwanted lipids.

Cleaning with Food-Grade Agents

All materials are immersed in food-safe acidified water or weak alkaline solutions (such as diluted citric acid or sodium carbonate) to remove blood residues, pathogens, and fats. This is followed by high-pressure rinsing with sterile water.

Temperature Control and Bacterial Load Reduction

Microbial activity is minimized by maintaining processing rooms below 10°C and using UV-sterilized surfaces. Some facilities use ozone-treated water or CO₂ environments to further suppress bacterial growth without introducing chemicals.

Step 3 – Collagen Extraction Methods

Enzymatic Hydrolysis (Most Common Method)

Enzymatic hydrolysis is the gold standard for producing hydrolyzed chicken collagen peptides. This involves:

• Controlled use of proteolytic enzymes (e.g., papain, bromelain)

• Monitoring pH between 6.5 and 7.2

• Incubation at 50–60°C for 3 to 6 hours

The result is a collagen hydrolysate with low molecular weight (usually 1000–3000 Da), optimal for absorption.

Acid/Alkaline Pre-Treatment (Softening Step)

For tougher tissues, pre-soaking in:

• 0.1–0.5% hydrochloric or acetic acid (acid swelling)

• Weak alkaline baths (e.g., sodium hydroxide at 0.2%)

Helps loosen collagen fibers and increases enzyme penetration. This step is followed by neutralization and washing to prevent protein degradation.

Heat Extraction (Used by Some Manufacturers)

While less common, some manufacturers use pressurized hot water to extract gelatin-like collagen. This method:

• Heats tissues to 90–110°C

• It is faster and simpler, but denatures the collagen

• Often results in lower bioactivity and is unsuitable for high-end supplements

Extraction for Undenatured Type II Collagen

Undenatured collagen requires minimal heat to preserve the triple-helix structure. Manufacturers use:

• Cold enzymatic processes (below 40°C)

• Gentle solubilization in buffers like acetic acid

• Lyophilization or vacuum drying to preserve the structure

These conditions retain bioactive epitopes crucial for immune and joint-modulating effects.

Step 4 – Filtration and Purification

Multi-Stage Filtration Systems

To achieve a clear, protein-rich extract, the collagen solution is passed through:

• Microfiltration – Removing large solids

• Ultrafiltration – Concentrating collagen peptides

• Reverse osmosis (optional) – Reducing water content before drying

Removal of Impurities and Non-Collagenous Proteins

Advanced purification eliminates:

• Residual fats and oils

• Other proteins like albumin or hemoglobin

• Heavy metals using ion exchange resins

Laboratory Testing for Purity and Safety

All batches are tested for:

• Microbial safety – Total plate count, yeast/mold, and specific pathogens

• Heavy metal compliance – Lead, cadmium, arsenic

• Peptide profile – Degree of hydrolysis and molecular weight distribution

Step 5 – Drying and Powder Formation

Spray Drying vs. Freeze Drying

Depending on end use, the collagen is dried using:

• Spray drying – Rapid, cost-effective; better for bulk functional foods

• Freeze drying – Slower but retains delicate peptides; ideal for supplements

Powder Consistency and Particle Size Control

Collagen powders are milled and sieved to achieve:

• Uniform particle size (typically 80–200 mesh

• Optimal solubility and dispersibility

• Reduced static or caking during packaging

Optional Processing: Agglomeration and Flavor Masking

To improve consumer experience, manufacturers may:

• Agglomerate the powder for easier mixing

• Add natural flavors or maskers (e.g., vanilla, cocoa)

• Coat particles to reduce odor and extend shelf life

Step 6 – Quality Testing and Certifications

Essential Quality Parameters

Each production batch is tested for:

• Protein content (≥90% for hydrolyzed, 60–70% for native)

• Ash content (<5%) and moisture (<8%)

• Hydroxyproline levels as a marker of collagen concentration

Required Certifications for Chicken Collagen Manufacturers

Trustworthy manufacturers comply with:

• ISO 22000 or FSSC 22000 – Food safety systems

• GMP – Verified good manufacturing practices

• HACCP – Critical control management

• Halal and Kosher – Market-specific dietary compliance

Batch Traceability and Documentation

Every shipment includes:

• COAs detailing lab results

• QR-coded packaging for tracking

• Full lot history for audits and recalls

Step 7 – Packaging and Delivery

Packaging Materials and Best Practices

Collagen is packed into:

• Food-grade aluminum foil pouches (1–25 kg)

• Fiber drums lined with polyethylene bags

• Vacuum-sealed sachets for specialty products

Storage and Shelf Life Guidelines

Manufacturers advise:

• Storage in cool, dry environments (15–25°C, <60% RH)

• Avoiding UV and moisture exposure

• 24–36 months shelf life, depending on drying method

Bulk Shipping for B2B Clients

Chicken collagen manufacturers serving global B2B clients offer:

• Palletized loads with desiccants

• HS code labeling for customs

• CO, MSDS, and export-ready documentation

Conclusion

Manufacturing chicken collagen is far more than boiling bones—it is a science-led process involving advanced enzymology, stringent quality control, and ethical sourcing. Whether hydrolyzed for fast absorption or preserved as native Type II collagen for joint repair, the journey from chicken cartilage to clean, functional ingredient is intricate and exacting.

Working with a certified and transparent chicken collagen manufacturer ensures product integrity and helps you stand out in a competitive wellness market.